Vitamin D is a fat-soluble hormone either synthetized endogenously or from external vitamin intakes. Broadly, there is a need for harmonization of the regulation and labeling of dietary supplements and medications containing vitamin D. This case highlights the pivotal role of therapeutic education. In fact, many different medications and dietary supplements with vitamin D exist, offering various concentrations and units of measurement. They substituted the prescribed medicinal vitamin D by a dietary supplement, different in concentration and dosing, without performing the dose conversion needed. Indeed, the parents had followed the advice of their midwife. Upon detailed questioning of the parents, a vitamin D administration error has been identified. We report the case of a 3-month-old infant who suffered from severe hypercalcemia.

However, vitamin D overdose can result in life-threatening hypercalcemia.

Vitamin D supplementation is routinely introduced in infants, according to medical guidelines. 6Department of Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France.5Nutrition Risk Assessment Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Maisons-Alfort, France.4Department of Pediatry, Lenval Hospital - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France.3Department of Pediatry, Hospital Center of Bastia, Bastia, France.2Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Center of Nice, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France.1Department of Nephrology-Dialysis-Transplantation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France.Gérard 1,2, Audrey Fresse 2, Myriam Gast 3, Diane Merino 2, Pierre Gourdan 4, Audrey Laurain 1, Irène Margaritis 5, Pierre-Alexis Gauci 6, Fanny Huret 5, Nadège Parassol 2 and Fanny Rocher 2 *

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